Continuing with the comments that
have been received regarding the most recent series we have posted on the
Jaredites.
Comment #1: “What about a room with only a door, air can move about in such a situation. Why do you insist on two openings for the barges?” Albert G.
Response: Two things
are involved. First, a stack ventilation (opening at the base of a door and a
transom above) will exchange air—most multistory buildings are ventilated in
this way, though transoms, etc., are no longer used. But in your case, with
only a doorway open, the incoming air would be cooler than the heated air
inside, heated air rises (that is, it is forced upward by heavier, more dense
air beneath), and is lighter than the cooler air. Thus cooler air that is more
dense enters toward the bottom of the opening, and the heavier, less air as it
moves upward, is forced toward the top of the opening, because, as the air is
heated, the molecules speed up, and push harder against their surroundings,
forcing their way out of an opening.
The other point is that the wind or air movement outside actually strikes the structure, forcing its way through any type of opening (poor sealing windows or doors, eaves, cracks, etc.) However, in an airtight vessel as the Jaredites built, there could be no secondary openings (cracks, etc.) no air could escape, thus no air could enter with just one opoening.
Comment #2: “I thought your January posts would be hard to beat, but you have done so in February. I can’t believe how much I am learning from you” Fred D.
Response: Thank you. Appreciate your comments.
Comment #3: “What do you mean NASA confirmed the Genesis account of creation?” Jenny A.
Response: It has to do with what was mentioned in the article—modern technology has now determined that there are discs surrounding distant stars. Within an article’s lead story: The discoveries made by NASA's scientist are confirming that the Genesis account is scientifically accurate. The old idea that there was no scientific evidence to support the frequent planet theory, is now being turned upside-down by the very findings made in 2004 by NASA's Hubble and Spitzer Telescopes of proto-planetary discs that surround infant stars.
Left: Hubble Telescope, launched in 1990; Right: Spitzer Telescope,
launched in 2003, the fourth and final of the NASA Great Observatories program
According to NASA scientist, data from these two telescopes is revealing that planets like the Earth are formed in the exact same fashion as described in Genesis 1:2, 3. According to NASA, planets form inside a proto-planetary disc of dust and debris, starting out in a formless and chaotic state in total darkness, as describe in Genesis verse 2. "Now the earth proved to be formless and waste, and there was darkness upon the surface of the watery deep."
NASA's scientists have discovered that as the planets mature inside their dusty cocoon they suck up all the dust between them and the sun so that the planets slowly emerge from darkness into the light as described in Genesis verse 3. "Let light come to be." Then there came to be light. A NASA produced video made from the combined discoveries by Hubble and Spitzer appear to simulate the simple description in Genesis of how the Earth was formed in darkness and how light appeared gradually as the planet matured over time according to author J. Paul Hutchins ( Spitzer CalTech Forming-a-Planetary-Gap). After doing a two-year study of the data put together by NASA scientists from these two telescopes, Hutchins says he was astonished to learn how accurately this scientific data lined up with the simple description of planet formation recorded in Genesis.
Comment #4: “Maybe the Lord accounted for the addition of a carbon cycle to the
barges rather than it requiring the two holes being open at the same time as
you indicate in your article” Willie
Response: That is always possible since nothing is too difficult for the Lord (Jeremiah 32:17). Along that line, the Baobab tree as a living organism might have fulfilled part of that role; however, we do not have anything in the scriptural record to suggest that this was done where we do have comment and instruction regarding the holes being open and closed (stopped and unstopped) to provide breathable air inside the barges. Cross ventilation, as mentioned in the article, is the best type of ventilation and since we are talking about a hole in the top (front) and one in the bottom (rear) of the vessel, natural cross ventilation is achieved. This results in the flow of external air to the inside of the barge as a result of pressure, referred to as “wind driven ventilation.” In addition, what is called “buoyancy-driven ventilation” is also achieved, since the difference in the inside and outside temperatures results in a directional buoyancy force (Linden, Fluid Mechanics of Natural Ventilation, 1999).
Comment #3: “You mentioned moon pool in your article, but I thought a moon pool was above the surface, not below it” Lennie W.
Response: There are two types of moon pools. The one mentioned in the article, which is by far the most common with modern technology and provides far more flexibility, and the above surface type where the vessel’s opening is above the surface, and entrance is by dropping into the water.
Top Left: Moon Pool above the surface
where you drop (red arrow) into the water; Top Right: Moon Pool in the water
and you enter the water (red arrow) directly; Bottom Left: Type of above
the surface moon pool. Note opening in bottom of vessel that when the ship is
in the water, the hatch opens directly to air; Bottom Right: Moon Pool inside
vessel, which is open to the sea
Comment #4: “I have been following your blog for some time and must admit I have not always agreed with you, though your articles are intelligently written and scholarly presented. However, your recent sequences on the Jaredites is not only outstanding, but obviously inarguable. With cerebral presentation like that, including excellent detail and often clear and concise images, you may yet convince me of other points” Dr. Willard J.
Response: Thank you.
Comment #5: “You illustrated very well the problem with honey bees traveling over mountains and their inability to survive below zero temperatures, but what about crossing deserts, such as your route to the Arabian Sea?” Chloe N.
Response: Honeybees do what is called “bearding” in hot and humid weather. They will cluster “hang out” at the front of the hive (looks like the hive has a beard) when temperatures reach 100º F or more. In effect, they loiter through the night and even during the day outside the hive clinging to the front, landing or sides of the hive doing nothing. This has to do with the temperature inside the hive, space available, and the population (crowning) of the hive. To begin with, honeybee hives are warmed in cooler temperatures to 95º F by what is called “heater” bees through a series of procedures. Since honeybees are cold-blooded, they are unable to fly if their temperature drops below about 95º F, which occurs if the outside temperature drops below 50º F where they are no longer capable of keeping their own body temperature high enough for flight—and if it drops low enough, they cannot move at all. As a result honeybees do far better in hot weather than they do in cold weather.
Queen bees leave certain cells in the
brook empty (black holes) so heater bees can crawl into them to keep the
surrounding cells at the proper temperature (95º F)—one heater bee can keep
about 70 cells warm
Comment #1: “What about a room with only a door, air can move about in such a situation. Why do you insist on two openings for the barges?” Albert G.
The other point is that the wind or air movement outside actually strikes the structure, forcing its way through any type of opening (poor sealing windows or doors, eaves, cracks, etc.) However, in an airtight vessel as the Jaredites built, there could be no secondary openings (cracks, etc.) no air could escape, thus no air could enter with just one opoening.
Comment #2: “I thought your January posts would be hard to beat, but you have done so in February. I can’t believe how much I am learning from you” Fred D.
Response: Thank you. Appreciate your comments.
Comment #3: “What do you mean NASA confirmed the Genesis account of creation?” Jenny A.
Response: It has to do with what was mentioned in the article—modern technology has now determined that there are discs surrounding distant stars. Within an article’s lead story: The discoveries made by NASA's scientist are confirming that the Genesis account is scientifically accurate. The old idea that there was no scientific evidence to support the frequent planet theory, is now being turned upside-down by the very findings made in 2004 by NASA's Hubble and Spitzer Telescopes of proto-planetary discs that surround infant stars.
According to NASA scientist, data from these two telescopes is revealing that planets like the Earth are formed in the exact same fashion as described in Genesis 1:2, 3. According to NASA, planets form inside a proto-planetary disc of dust and debris, starting out in a formless and chaotic state in total darkness, as describe in Genesis verse 2. "Now the earth proved to be formless and waste, and there was darkness upon the surface of the watery deep."
NASA's scientists have discovered that as the planets mature inside their dusty cocoon they suck up all the dust between them and the sun so that the planets slowly emerge from darkness into the light as described in Genesis verse 3. "Let light come to be." Then there came to be light. A NASA produced video made from the combined discoveries by Hubble and Spitzer appear to simulate the simple description in Genesis of how the Earth was formed in darkness and how light appeared gradually as the planet matured over time according to author J. Paul Hutchins ( Spitzer CalTech Forming-a-Planetary-Gap). After doing a two-year study of the data put together by NASA scientists from these two telescopes, Hutchins says he was astonished to learn how accurately this scientific data lined up with the simple description of planet formation recorded in Genesis.
Response: That is always possible since nothing is too difficult for the Lord (Jeremiah 32:17). Along that line, the Baobab tree as a living organism might have fulfilled part of that role; however, we do not have anything in the scriptural record to suggest that this was done where we do have comment and instruction regarding the holes being open and closed (stopped and unstopped) to provide breathable air inside the barges. Cross ventilation, as mentioned in the article, is the best type of ventilation and since we are talking about a hole in the top (front) and one in the bottom (rear) of the vessel, natural cross ventilation is achieved. This results in the flow of external air to the inside of the barge as a result of pressure, referred to as “wind driven ventilation.” In addition, what is called “buoyancy-driven ventilation” is also achieved, since the difference in the inside and outside temperatures results in a directional buoyancy force (Linden, Fluid Mechanics of Natural Ventilation, 1999).
Comment #3: “You mentioned moon pool in your article, but I thought a moon pool was above the surface, not below it” Lennie W.
Response: There are two types of moon pools. The one mentioned in the article, which is by far the most common with modern technology and provides far more flexibility, and the above surface type where the vessel’s opening is above the surface, and entrance is by dropping into the water.
Comment #4: “I have been following your blog for some time and must admit I have not always agreed with you, though your articles are intelligently written and scholarly presented. However, your recent sequences on the Jaredites is not only outstanding, but obviously inarguable. With cerebral presentation like that, including excellent detail and often clear and concise images, you may yet convince me of other points” Dr. Willard J.
Response: Thank you.
Comment #5: “You illustrated very well the problem with honey bees traveling over mountains and their inability to survive below zero temperatures, but what about crossing deserts, such as your route to the Arabian Sea?” Chloe N.
Response: Honeybees do what is called “bearding” in hot and humid weather. They will cluster “hang out” at the front of the hive (looks like the hive has a beard) when temperatures reach 100º F or more. In effect, they loiter through the night and even during the day outside the hive clinging to the front, landing or sides of the hive doing nothing. This has to do with the temperature inside the hive, space available, and the population (crowning) of the hive. To begin with, honeybee hives are warmed in cooler temperatures to 95º F by what is called “heater” bees through a series of procedures. Since honeybees are cold-blooded, they are unable to fly if their temperature drops below about 95º F, which occurs if the outside temperature drops below 50º F where they are no longer capable of keeping their own body temperature high enough for flight—and if it drops low enough, they cannot move at all. As a result honeybees do far better in hot weather than they do in cold weather.
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