According to Jonathan Neville, there seems to him that the
“apparent foundational geographic differences between the Mesoamericanists and
the North Americanists are twofold:(1) the nature and location of the narrow strip of
wilderness and (2) the direction of flow of the river Sidon.”
This statement, without a doubt is about the most simplistic
and irresponsible thing either theorist, Mesoamerican or North Americanist
could say.
In fact, there are so many differences it is hard to imagine
them listed in a single article, but then again, there are so many differences
between both theories and the scriptural record of the Book of Mormon, it is
almost humorous to attempt to list them all in even a series of articles.
In an interesting misunderstanding of facts, and a view into
the narrow thinking of theorists, it is written in this discussion: “According to the Book of Mormon, if the
narrow strip of wilderness was mountainous and ran from a west sea to an east
sea and if the river Sidon flowed north, then the Heartland (North American)
Model is false. Conversely, if the narrow strip of wilderness was not
mountainous and if the Sidon flowed south, then the Mesoamerican Model is
false. It is that simple, and Neville agrees with this premise (page 314 and by
personal conversation).”
Only a Mesoamerican or North Americanist theorist could
reduce the large number of scriptural references to the descriptions and understanding
of the Land of Promise to a single issue—the flow of the Sidon River. However,
even this singular issue is poorly described, for the River Sidon no matter
which way it flowed, was in a highland area or right near it that was the Land
of Nephi, which occupied a higher elevation than the Land of Zarahemla, yet in
the Heartland or North American models the land around their Zarahemla is all
flat, and the Mississippi River is a flat valley its entire length, which
eliminates this area from any possible consideration.
So let us take further examples:
1. The direction of
the land:
Mesoamericanists have a distinct east-west orientation with
their land extension; North Americanists have a more or less east west land
divided off from the overall huge land mass of North America.
2. The height of
mountains:
Mesoamericanists have mountains, two ranges, one in the Land
Northward and one in the Land Southward, but neither range has any peaks over
15,000 feet, and most are far shorter; North Amerianists, have no mountains at all within the
designated areas of their Land of Promise; and even in the entire eastern half
of the continent (east of the Rocky Mountains), no mountains are high enough to
even mention, especially in light of Samuel the Lamanites prophesy, which the
Lord told him to utter, that the Land of Promise would have mountains, “whose
height is great.”
3. Two unknown animals
to Joseph Smith in 1829:
Mesoamericanists can only point to the sloth and tapir as
unknown animals at the time, but neither are beasts of burden, and could not
possible be ranked with the elephant as equally important to man over the horse and ass. North Americanists have no unknown animals to point out.
Sometimes they try to use the Buffalo and Mountain Goat, neither of which are
domesticatable and neither are beasts of burden, and probably at least one, or probably
both, would have been known to Joseph Smith.
4. Growing climate to
match Jerusalem:
Mesoamerica is a tropical climate and neither wheat nor
barley will grow there, let alone olive trees and numerous other seeds that
Lehi brought from the Mediterranean Climate of Jerusalem. North Americanists, especially the Great Lakes, has a humid
subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa), which is 4º-7º warmer overnight than
surrounding areas, but still a far cry from the Mediterranean Climate of
Jerusalem where olive trees and numerous other Jerusalem seeds and grains would
not have grown.
5. The Land of
Bountiful being north of the Land of Zarahemla:
Mesoamericanists have the Land of Bountiful to the north of
the Land of Zarahemla (though actually east on their map). North Americanists have the Land of Bountiful to the east of
their Land of Zarahemla. Neither case does the location agree with the scriptural
record.
6. The West Sea
reachable by sailing:
Mesoamericanists have their West Sea as the Pacific Ocean
which is to the south of their Land of Promise. North Americanists have their West Sea either as a Great
Lake or as the Mississippi River, neither of which could be reached by deep
ocean sailing ships in 600 B.C., let alone by submersible barges in 2100 B.C.
7. The West Sea:
Again, Mesoamericanists have their West Sea to the south of
their Land of Promise. North Americanists have two West Seas, one in the north is
Lake Michigan, which is nowhere near their Land of Nephi, and is to the north
of the Land of Zarahemla. The other is in the south, south of the Land of
Zarahemla, and is actually the confluence of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers.
Now, geologists and potamologists agree that the Mississippi River was never
very wide, though it changed course continually over the several millennia of
its existence and therefore could never have been a lake, sea, or anything
other than a river of around a mile or so in width.
8. Narrow strip of
wilderness:
Mesoamerica has a narrow strip of wilderness that runs
almost from the Seas East to the Sea West, from the Caribbean Sea to the
Pacific Ocean, except for a short distance. North Americanists do not have a narrow strip running from
sea to sea, but from their Sea East (Lake Ontario) to the Mississippi River,
not a sea (and their River Sidon). In addition, the narrow strip was
mountainous, a much higher elevation than the land of Zarahemla, and their
narrow strip is flat, along the Allegheny and Ohio rivers.
9. Land of Nephi
Stretching from Sea to Sea:
Mesoamericanists have their Land of Nephi stretching from
the Caribbean Sea to the Pacific Ocean, which is almost a north-south plane,
instead of east-west. North Americanists have their Land of Nephi (“Lamanite
Lands”) stretching east and west from the Susquehanna River in the east to the
Mississippi River in the west—neither are seas.
10. Distance from
Lehi-Nephi (City of Nephi) to the City of Zarahemla:
Mesoamericanists claim the two cities were about 21 days
travel apart, at 15 miles a day, that would be 315 miles, or 20 miles a day
would be 420 miles; yet their map shows the two cities about 200 miles
apart—that would mean traveling at about 10 miles per day. If we use that
criteria, then the narrow neck of land, in a day and a half, would be only 15
miles wide. It seems when theorists want a narrow distance, they give one
statistic, but when they need a longer distance, they use another. North Americanists show a distance on their map of 550 miles
between the two cities (one on the Tenessee River, the other across from Nauvoo
along the Mississippi).
The point is, that a single issue, no matter what it is,
cannot be the criteria of determining the location of the Land of promise.
Where Lehi landed and where Nephi settled is not a matter of a single issue,
but a compilation of all of the descriptive information given us by Mormon in
his abridgement, and Nephi in his travels and Jacob in his description of the
overall land. When we take all of those descriptions into account, along with
those Moroni left us in his abridgement of the Jaredite record, which actual
scriptural references overall number more than 45 and as much in some ways as
65 or more, we begin to create an image and of the land and able to follow
Nephi’s course and landing site, his trek to escape his brothers, where he
settled, and where the Nephite Nation was located. Any attempt to reduce this
list of a handful of ideas is bound to fail, since Mormon’s descriptions are
rich with information that enable us to know where the Land of Promise was actually
located.
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Good points Del. However, using the narrow neck is a good starting point. On page 564 of Verla Birrell in her book Book of Mormon Guide Book produced a map of possible locations for the narrow neck. In 1948 she chose the exact location where we/you see the narrow neck. As far as I know she was the first to pick the right place for the narrow neck. The Meso boys did the same thing with their theory. If however as you've pointed out if they had gone beyond there location for the narrow neck and looked at the other elements they should have found that their theories don't work at all. It is a good starting point but certainly not the end. You don't end a search at the beginning point. Thanks Del
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